Driving mechanism.



Patented Jan. 29,1918;

- 6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W. IANNEY.

DRIVING MECHANISM..

APPvLIcATloN FILED FEB. 2 1. 1913.

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APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2 1. 191s.

Patented Jan. 29,1918.

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DRIVING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. ZI. I9I3.

Patented 1311.29, 191.8.

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R. .I'ANNEY- DRIVING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED rEe.21.1913.

Patentd t11111.29, 1918;

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DRIVINGMECHANISM. APPLICATION man FEB.21.|913.

Patented Jan. 29, 1918.

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R. JANNEY.

DRIVING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED FEB.21.1913.

Patented Jan. 29, 1918.

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REYNOLD JANNEY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.,- ASSIGNOR 'll THE WATERBURY TOOL 4 COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F CONNECTICUT.

DRIVING MECHANISM.

ieaaeaa Specication of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 21, 1913. Serial No. 749,789.

To all whom, t may concern." i

Be vit known that I, REYNoLD JANNEY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the countyof New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Driving.

Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis -inw'ention'relates to driving mechamechanism, of whatever nature said member Said mechanism can be employed.

may b. with advantage in many and widely-different connections and although it is of peculiar importance for actuating a member whichy has a back and forth movement, by which I mean either what is'commonly considered as a reciprocation or oscillation, it is operative in other ways. For instance said mech# anism might vbe advantageously used.. for

moving a part in one direction or yfor a ,por-A tion of,such movementfwhile independent means or gravity might be utilized to secure the return movement of said part or vice versa. s

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification I have represented in detail one of the several convenient forms of embodiment of the invention which to enable those skilled in the art to practise the same will be fully set forth in the` following descripti n. I can depart in radical respects from this showing within the scope of the invention defined by the claims following said description.

Referring to said drawings:

Figure l is a top plan view of the lower portion of a planer or as seen from a point above the bed thereof, the uprights -which `support the tool-carriage being in horizontal section and said planer being equipped with driving mechanism involving my invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the same, the section being on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical'cross section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2.'

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of a bracket and the parts .supported tbel'cbvall to be herein after mor(` fully described.

y Fig. 5 is an elevation of the parts seen in Fig. 4..

Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the parts shown i'n said Figs. 4 and 5. v

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

Figs. 8 and 9 are detail views insectional top plan of a portion of said planer, its` bed and certain coperating parts, certain of the elements being in different positions as will be hereinafter explained.

Fig. 10 is a sectional plan view of a con trol shaft, rack and pinion mechanism connected. therewith, and a locking device .for the rack, and, v

Fig. 1l is a cross section on the line 11-11 of Fig. 10. Like characters refer to like parts throughout the several views which it will be perceived are on different scales. 4

As already intimatedfm'y driving mechanism can be employed with advantage in many different connections it being of particular advantage when employed in conjunction with a reciprocatory or oscillatory member in that I can vary the speed of such a part on each stroke thereof. In the drawfings I have shown portions of a planer and said mechanism when associated therewith isadapted to reciprocate said bed 4and through the intervention of suitable means,-

vary the velocity of said bed on each' of its movements. The same thing would also be so when said mechanism is combined with the reciprocatory member of a printing press. rIhere may'be apparatus, however,.

where I would wish to secure speed changes simply on one stroke of a member, the opposite movement vbeing independently secured` and as illustrative of two types of machines of such sort I will mention a drop hammer and a pile driver. Said variable speed mechanism'may be of any desirable nature, what is known as a hydraulic variable speed gear answers satisfactorily in this respect, although as will be inferred, equivalent means might be provided. With the fore- Fatented dan.. 29. IFI..

going general statements I will now refer g more in detail to the organization shown in said drawings.

As I have already stated'one of the several uses to which the mechanism can be put, is for driving the reciprocatory bed of a planer and when incorporated therein said mechanism with the cooperation of suitable means,

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lwill reciprocate said bed, such as that denoted in a general way by 2, the framework 3 having suitable ways on its upper side to support and uide said bed. Thebody portion of the ramework is preferably made hollow or chambered as at 4 to receive the hydraulic variable speed gear device 5 which as already stated constitutes one suitable and 'also advantageous form of speed-varying 'its operative connection with a member to be driven. A hydraulic variable speed gear generally comprises a. driving member, such as the shaft 6, which may be actuated in any desirable manner, for example by a pulley 7 fastened thereto, and a'driven member, such as the shaft 8 from which latter the power of said part 5 is usually applied to the member to` .be driven. In the casing of said hydraulic variable speed gear 5 is mechanism by which, through the aid of a suitable controller, the shaft 8y or some analogous member can be driven either forwardly or backwardlyat different speeds. Said device 5 also has a controller. such as the shaft 9, by `which the shaft 8, through the agency of the inclosed mechanism can be governed. 'This controller acts upon what is known as a tilting box. YSaid tilting box has a neutral position and when occupying the same, the shaft 8 will be at rest or stationary. If said tilting box be moved in one direction from neutral position the shaft 8 will be driven forward while if s aid tilting box is moved in the'opposite direction away from said neutral position the shaft 8 will be rotated oppositely, the speed of movement of said sha ft 8 depending upon the position of said tilting box which as will be assumed presents one of several kinds of regulators for the shaft 8 or its equivalent. It will be understood that as.the tilting box leaves its neutral position the speed of the shaft 8 is progressively increased. Said controller or shaft 9 through suitable mechanism acts on the tilting box to shift the same, and said controller or shaft 9 therefore has positions which correspond exactly with those of the. tilting box. By the operation therefore of said shaft. 9 the speed or direction of movement of the shaft 8,through the intermediate .mechanism, can be eifectually governed. It

will be also clear that changes in speed and direction of movement of the shaft S are accomplished independently of the shaft. (3 which in the construction shown is driven at a constant speed and ordinarily continuously although this is notl essential in all cases. I should also explain that where the .Iy moving the driven member is moved only in one direction by the driving mechanism, it is not necessary that the controller as I have termed it, should move oppositely from its neutral position, the only necessit in this case being to regulate the amount o movement of said controller away from its neutral or ineffective position or that which it occupies when the shaft 8 or similar part, is at rest. By incasing the device 5 in the chamber 4 compactness is secured. As will be clear the variable speed transmission device of my patent comprises in its organization a variable stroke'hydraulic pump, this being that part of the structure located at the left in II`ig. 1 of the drawings of said patent, of the mid-plate. Thisvariable stroke pump oper'- ates a hydraulic motor situated at the right in said Fig. 1 of said mid-plate. The parts of the construction are also shown in Fig. 23 of said patent. the mid-plate 13 dividing the two parts of the variable speed transmission device. In the art of hydraulics I might also mention that the pump is known as the A-end and the motor operated or driven thereby the B-end. In the pump or A-end is what is known as a tilting box and which is denoted by 20 in the drai 7ings of said patent. When this stands practically vertically the pistons 31 have no endwise motion. the result being that no fluid is pumped. This is the neutral position of the tilting box. tilting box oppositely from the neutral the pistons will be reciprocated, the greater the movement of the tilting box from the neutral being followed by corresponding increase in stroke of the cylinders` so as thus to increase the speed of the motor or B-end and parts driven thereby. From this description and what has already been noted, it is believed that the action .of the ariable speed transmission device will be fully comprehended.

The effect of the shaft" 8 can be transferred to the bed 2 in any convenient manner. The mechanism shown for this purpose will now l be described. Fastened to the shaft 8. is the pinion 10 in mesh with the spin' gear 11 fixed to the shaft 1Q on the framework of the machine. said shaft 12 rigidly carrying the pinion 13 inv mesh with the spill' gear 14 the shaft: 15 of which is also sustained by said framework. Said spur gear 14 is in mesh with the teeth of the rack-bar 16 fastened to the underside of the bed Q. Ittherefore follows that on the rotation of' the shaft S in opposite directions, said bed will. through the intermediate mechanism described. be reciprtu-ated. I

ln4 the present case the driving mechanism is lgoverned to change the direction of movement of said bed Q. b v means operative with the latter. rThat is to .say when said bed has practically completed its movement in one direction, it will be reversed automatically.

llftt Said bed can be moved either fast oi' slow on its advancing movement and thesame conditions can be secured on its reti-active erning the posit-ion of the 'controller are manually-operable so that the speed of the bed can be governed at will.

Mounted von the bed 2 are actuators or dogs 17 and 18 which are the devices which initially loperate mechanism, by which the shaft S) is turned in `opposite Vdirections to effect the reciprocation of said bed. Other meansl might of course be employed for the purpose. 1 will now set forth the mechanism operative by these two actuators or dogs. and the connection of the saine with said shaft 9 and for this purpose reference should be had to Figs. 4, 5 and 6. Fastened to and extending outwardly from the framework 3 is a bracket 19 terminating at its4 outer end in the sleeve or hub 20, the lower portion of the tube Q1 being driven into said sleeve or hub soas to be rigid or virtually integral therewith. Said tube has a circumfcrential annular flange 22 bearing against the upper side of said sleeve. Extendinglentirely through said tube is the rock-shaft Q3 which is primarily operated in opposite directions by the traveling be'd i2; that is to say when said bed is traveling in either direction it gives to said rockshaft a partial movement, the remainderof .the movement being effected by separate means, such as a spring, which, however, is

placed under tensionv through the prime.

agency of said bed. Therefore while said rock shaft is initially directly operated upon by the bed, its final action is caused indirectly by said bed. Said rock-shaft 23 as will hereinafter appear is operatively connect ed with the controller orlshaft 9.

l `astened to said rock-shaft 23, is the arm 2lsituated between tlie operating projections 25 and 2G on the upper side of the llange 27 provided with an 'integral sleeve 28 oscillatory on the upper end of tube '21. The ai'm 24 in Fig. 4 is shown as being in contact with the projection or stud QG against which it was moved practically at the time the traveling bed .2 reached the end of its backward movement. i-Vhen the hed reaches a predetermined point in its forward movement, the actuator or dog 17 will engage the extension 29 of the plate or liange 27 and will move said plate or fiange therewith as the bed continues its advancing movement. At a later point as will hereinafter appear lsaid arm 24' will strike the projection'orstud 25 so that on the opposite movement of said carriage the actuator or dog 18 will strike the lug 29 and return said plate or flange 27 to its original position and on such movement of said plate or fl ange the arm 24 -is caused tomove therewith by reason of the engagement between said arm and the projection or stud 25. rIhe arm 24 is therefore oscillated through the primary agency ofthe bed and as said arm oscillates the rock-shaft 23 is also caused to oscillate in unison therewith.

The spring 30 presents a convenient means for completing the oscillations of the rock-shaft 23, said spring being shown as encircling the rod 31, bearingI atits outer end in the head, of the 'lV-shaped member 32, the shank of which is swiveled in the arm 33 fastened as by pinning or otherwise to the rock-shaft'23. The rod 31 fitsfreely within said head. The inner end of the. spring 30 bears against the check-nut 34 by which the tension of said' spring can be regulated and which as will be understood is threaded into said rod 31 shown as provided at its inner end with the eye 35 to receive the depending pin or pivot 36 of the bracket' or bearing 19. As will hereinafter appear the movement of the sleeve 28, plate Q7 connected therewith and rock-shaft 23 together with the parts associated there.- with, is `limited and the amount of such movement in each direction governs the speed of the bed 2. ln Fig. 4 the parts have been arrested by one of the two stops hereinafter described.

It will be assumed that the plate Z7 is being shifted by the traveling bed 2 in the manner already described and that said plate in turn is shifting the arm 24 and the. parts connected therewith. 0n suchaction the rod 31 is also being swung over and at the. same time the spring 30 is being put` under tensioirso that when said rod reaches a center line or has just crossed the same, the spring willbe released and being under tension and acting against the arm 33 will complete the movement of said rock-shaft 23. 0n the return movement the operation just described is reversed.

As already intimated the connections between the rock-shaft :23 and the controlshaft v9 may be of any desirable nature. Those illustrated` will now be described.

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Keyed or otherwise suitably fastened to said fashion with the` arm`40 freelypivoted upon the rock-shaft 23 (as shown best in Figs. 4 to 7.) Rigid with and pendent from the-arm 33 is the pin or stud 41 which extends down through an arcuate slot 42 in the arml 4() be1 tween the ends thereof, thus providing for a lose or lost motion connection between said rock-shaft 23 and control-shaft 9, said pin or stud being normally between the ends of said slot which is shown as concentric with the axis of oscillation of said rock-shaft 23.

It will be supposed that the control-shaft 9 has been operated t0 reverse the movement of the bed 2 and that the latter is being advanced at the predetermined spee'd. When the dog v17 strikes the extension 29, the plate 27 will be moved in a forward direction, the arm 24 and rock-shaft 23 being similarly operated. It will be understood that when'the arm 24 isin the position shown in Fig. 4, the spring 30 and rod 31 will stand at the angle shown in said view. On the initial forward movement of the rock-shaft 23 said rod 31 and spring 30 will be swnno' therewith to tension said -spring, so that the spring when free to act, can shift the parts rapidly. It will be clear that as the rockshaft l23 moves forward, it carries therewith the arm 33 to effect the movement of the pin 41 toward the forward end of the arcuate slot 42, the latter occurring about the time that said spring 30 crosses the center line,

so that said spring can forwardly shift the arm 40 which up to this point had been at rest. .On the opposite or backward movement of the bed 3 the operation just described is reversed. As said arm 40 is moved forward the rodI 39 and hence the rack bar 38, will be advanced so that said rack bar will rotatefthe pinion 37 and hence the shaft v9 to shift said shaft in such manner that it will cause the variable speed gear device 5 to retract the bed 2, said shaft being moved from oneV eXtreme position where it is held by one manually-adjustable stop, (hereinafter described) to another eXtreme position where it will be held by a second manually-adjustable stop, (also hereinafter described). During the movement of said shaft 9 in such opposite directions it assumes, between its extremes, its neutral pos ition at which point the bed will be stationary.

As will be understood the mechanism between the rock-shaft 23 and the controller or control-shaft, involves a loose connection or two parts connected for relative movement which is. the preferable construction although it is not necessary that the same be provided. I prefer the same, however, as it is more advantageous than where the several parts are rigidly connected with each other. `Where there is a loose connection in the parts, such for example as that described, the controller or control-shaft 9 is bracket 19.

not operated from one cxtreme position to the other, until the planer bed has practically completed its movement in either direction, which would not be the ease were all the-connections rigid as in the latter event the movement of the planer bed would hecome slower and slower until the controlshaft 9 reaches its neutral position at which point further movement of the bed would be stopped. As will be understood I provide that the controller be not shifted until the bed has practically completed its movement, at which point said controller, through the spring means, is given a rapid movement from one eXtreme to the other whereby the driving mechanism is brought to a bed-reversing relation' before the bed actually stops which as will be evident is highly advantageous in that I do not lose control of the bed at any time.

As I have already set forth the speed of movement of the planer bed can be governed by the position of the controller 9, the latter being oscillatory as shown. The stops can be so adjusted that the amount of movement of the controller in one direction from its neutral position, can be greater than that in the opposite direction by reason of which the speed of the planer bed will not be uniform on its two strokes or on its advance and retraction.

In the construction shown the degree of movement of the controller or control-shaft 9 is regulated by limiting the movement of the swinging arm or lever 40, for example by screws 45 and 46 tapped through the arms 47 and 48 of the bearing or bracket 19. The two screws can be adjusted independently so that the speed ofthe planer bed 3 can be different in one direction from that of the other. By running in the `screws the speed will be decreased while by running them outward the speed will be increased.

As the arm 24 actuated by the spring 30 through the arm 33 and rock-shaft 23 strikes one or the other of the lugs 25 and 26 and carries forward the member 27 of the sleeve 28, it is desirable to limit the movement so as to keep the projections 29 and 29 in proper striking position for the dogs 18 and 17. For this purpose there is provided au arm 24', forming an integral part of the sleeve 28, and which is limited in its throw by the two stop screws 49 and 50 screwed through the projections 51 Jand 52 of the I may if desired and to prevent accidental movement of the parts, provide means as the spring 53 encircling the rod 54 provided at its outer end with a head 55 against which the outer end of said spring bears, said head being connected by the pivot 56 with thi` lever 40. The inner end of said spring bears against the collar 57 in which said rod 54 is slidably fitted, said block having a pendent shank or stud swveled in the extension 58 on the framework of the machine. Said spring as will be evident maintains the parts in their respective shifted positions.

Means are also provided for preventing rebound or reaction of thev sleeve 28 and parts connected therewith, those shown will now be set forth. Said sleeve 28 has the enlargement 60 in whichy is tapped the screw 61, the bore in which said screw is fitted being-plain at its inner end to' receive the block or slioe 62, said bore also receiving the coiled push spring 63 bearing against said screw and shoe respectively and which .tends constantly to press or force said shoe against the surface of said tubel 22 with a force sulicient to secure the desired object.

rlhere may be cases where it isfdesirable to .prevent motion of the rack bar or some equivalent member, and the means shown for this purpose will now be described. Said rack bar has near its outer end on the outer edge thereof the notch or slot 64 (Figs. 8 to l1 inclusive) to receive the locking member or detent 65 shown as being in its operative or holding relation in Figs. 9 and 10 at which time its inner end is held in said notch by the spring 66 acting against said locking member the framework of ,the ma.- chine having a. casing 67 for said locking member and spring. Said casing is slotted at 67 to receive the angle lever 68 pivoted at its angle in said slot 67', one arm of said angle lever being fitted in a lateral recess in said locking member 65 and the other arm being pivoted to one extremity of the rod or link 69 pivoted at its opposite extremity to the operating lever 70 pivoted at one end on a suitable bearingon the framework. The connection between said rod 69 and lever 7() is between the ends ofthe latter and at one side of the longitudinal center so that the lever and rod present together a toggle. ln Fig. 9 the locking member 65 is shown as being in working relation to prevent movement of the rack-bar 38. Tol release the rack-bar the lever 7 0 will be manipulated to draw the rod 69 to the left in said view, thereby through the angle lever withdrawing the active portion of said locking member 65 from the notch, the movement being continued until'the pivot point between the rod 69 and lever 70 has crossed the center line of the toggle which acts to lock the locking member against return movement. j

While it is believed that the operation of the machine will be fully understood from the ldescription thereof already given, still it is desirable to briefly referto some features of the same. Initially the-stop screws 49* and 50 are set so as to allow the sleeve 28 to turn far enough in either direction to allow the dogs 1T or 1S to pass the extension 29 or the lug 29". and to provide' for the maximum movement of the control member 9.. In the normal working, of the mechanism the dogs would not pass these projections for the reason that the movement of the reciproeating member 2 would be reversed before the dogs could pass the parts 29 or 29. Indeed, these two latter members would be thrown ahead of the dogs by the action of the spring 30; Under certain circumstances', however, where the movement of the reciprocating member 2 is operated by the movement of the lever 40 by hand, the dogs may be carried beyond their normal working. positions. The stop screws 45 and 46 may be adjusted approximately to the to and fro speeds required. The final adjustment. of these two screws, however, may be made after the mechanism is in motion, since their adjustment does not in any way interfere with the running of the mechanism, only limiting` the speed of the movement in one or the other direction by limiting the throw ofthe lever 40.

The actual limits of the rotation of the rock shaft 23 are not necessarily determined by the lugs 2,5 and 26 and the arm 24, stopped by the screws 49 and 50, but the real limits of rotation for all speeds below'the maximum are determined by the sto screws 45 and 46 limiting the movement of t e lever 40, the slot 42 of which limits the movement of the arm 33 and thereby through the described connections, the movement of the control shaft 9.

The spring 53 is made lighter than thel spring 302 since the spring 53 is not an operating spring except 1n the sense of holding the arm 40 from an accidental shifting of its position when there is no other restraining inliuence. The spring 53 does not therefore interfere with the action of the spring 30, which is strong enough to actually operate the lever 33 when once this lever is carried beyond its neutral position in either direction.

I desire to call attention to the fact that the variable speed gear mechanism of whatever character the same may be whether hydraulic or otherwise, is adapted to effect variations in speed from zero to a maximum progressively. that is without steps. That is to say there is no interval of timel ensuing when a change from one speed to another is made as is the case when the control is accomplished electrically through the yintervention of a rheostat, the changes in speed when a rheostat is being present, being stepped ones.

lVhat I claim is:

1. The combination of a reciprocatory member` driving mechanism for reciprocalving said member` comprising a controller having means for moving said 4oscillatory operating device back and forth, vand means supported independently of said reciprocatory member and actuated by said operating device, comprising a spring and alost motion connection, for moving said controller to reversing position after the reciprocatory member has commenced and before it has completed its movement in each direction.

2. The combination of a reciprocatory member, driving mechanism for reciprocat.

ing said member, comprising a controller shiftable in opposite directions past a neutral position Ato effect the reversal of said reciprocatory member, a lever operatively connected with said controller, a springactuated arm supported independently of said reciprocatory member and having a loose connection with Said lever, means `con nected with said reciprocatory member, for tensioning the spring of said spring-actuated arm when the reciprocatory member has moved a predetermined distance in each direction and for freeing said spring actuated arm before the reciprocatory member has completed each of said movements.

3. The combination of a reciprocatory member, driving mechanism for reciprocating said member, comprising a controller shiftable in opposite directions pastV a neutral position to elect the reversal of said reciprocatory member, a lever operatively connected with said controller, a springactuated arm oscillatory about the axis of movement of said lever and provided with a stud, the lever having an arcuate slot to receive said stud, and means operative with said reciprocatory member for tensioning the spring of said spring-actuated arm when the reciprocatory member has moved a predetermined distance in each 4direction.

Ll.. The combination of reciprocatory member, driving mechanism for reciprocab ing said member, comprising a controller shiftable in opposite directionspast a neutral position to e'ect the Areversal of said gree of opposite movements of said springactuated arm.

5. The combination of a reciprocatory member, driving mechanism for reciprocating said member, comprising a controller shiftable in opposite directions past a neutral position to eect the reversal of said reciprocatory member, a lever operatively connected with said controller, a spring actuated arm oscillatory about the axis of movement of said lever and provided with a stud, the lever having an arcuate slot to receive said stud, means operative with said reciprocatory member for .tensioning the spring of the spring actuated arm when the reciprocatory member has moved a predetermined distance'in each direction, the spring when tensioned shifting the arm to ell'erl the movement of the controller, manually adjustable means for governing the degree of opposite movements of said springartuated arm, a rod provided with collars, one of which is pivotally connected with said lever, and the otherof which is pivolallv connected with the framing, and a bulling spring surrounding the rod and bearing against said collars.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signatur(I in presence of two witnesses.

REYNOLD JANNICY. Witnesses:

HEATH SUTHERLAND, F. E. ANDERSON. 

